HELLO in this content we're going to look at headaches the main types of headaches and then treatment as well so headaches can be divided into two main types we have primary headaches and we have secondary headaches secondary headaches are pretty bad so is these are these are your red flag headaches and we'll talk about secondary headaches but we will firstly look at primary headaches and primary headaches are your the main the most common types of headaches that is that are encountered by the general population so here I'm drawing this person with a headache and there are many types of primary headaches a very common type is one that affects one side of the face so unilateral and sort of upper half and these are young and this is known as the migraine headache then you have tension headache which is sort of feels like a tight tightness around your forehead you have the cluster headache which is sort of around your eye orbit area and the you have sinus headache which is related when you have sinusitis or irritation of your sinus and then you have hormonal headache which is a result of sort of a your home or hormonal levels changing so let's talk about each of these types of headaches in a bit more detail beginning with migraine so migraine is a disorder of recurrent attack so it comes and goes the location of migraine is mostly unilateral 70% the characteristic of the headache it's gradual onset crescendo pattern which is basically increasing intensity sort of and and frequency with moderate to severe in intensity so the pain duration of the headache is between you know 4 to 72 hours roughly associated symptoms include nausea vomiting photophobia photophobia and also aura aura is sort of the feeling of something about to happen which is the intense headache then you have the tension headache no tension headache you can think of it as being more muscular so it's the most ubiquitous headache and is the most common reason why over-the-counter analgesics are actually bought so these are your the most common this is the most common headache essentially the location of tension headaches are usually bilateral and around the forehead area the characteristic it's pressure or tightness like a band which waxes and wanes the duration is variable and associated symptoms usually none then you have the cluster headache now cluster headaches are pretty painful cluster headaches are a group of idiopathic headaches that is associated also with trigeminal neuralgia now trigeminal what I mean by that is trigeminal is a nerve trigeminal nerve and it's a it's a very important cranial nerve that does as many things around your face essentially now the location of the cluster headaches is always unilateral and it's usually around the eye so it's one-sided around the eye the characteristic of a cluster headache the pain begins quickly it's deep continuous pain excruciating and explosive in a in quality the duration it's it's pretty quick in respect to the other headaches we talked about 30 to 3 hours and the associated symptoms are essentially the symptoms of the trigeminal nerve problem as well as some other nerve problems so just drawing it out here I'm drawing a face now we have to quickly just understand what the trigeminal nerve does in order to understand the symptoms associated with the cluster headache so the trigeminal nerve it has sense it's it's important for sensation around your face it senses an area around your forehead which is supplied by the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal then you have the maxillary branch of the trigeminal v2 which supplies sort of the nose area and then you have the mandibular branch which is v3 which supplies sort of the bottom area of your face so that's the sensations of the trigeminal nerve sort of is responsible for sensation around your face and these are its branches three branches so in cluster headache you have pain in this darea in blue here around the eye and the associated symptoms include Horner's Horner's syndrome which you have ptosis and meiosis so ptosis is drooping of the eyelid and meiosis is a constriction so you're unable to dilate your pupils you can also have lacrimation and also nasal discharge so essentially what I'm trying to portray here is that the cluster headache you can have some associated symptoms involving the trigeminal nerve and sort of other nerve problems there in your neurology problems hope that made sense then you have sinus headaches which is associated with sinusitis you then you have hormonal headaches as well and hormonal headaches essentially it's when the changes of your hormone levels causes the headache so it can be associated with low Eastridge in concentration for example at the beginning of the menstrual cycle or withdrawal withdrawal of hormone therapy so all of a sudden you have estrogen one minute and then you take away the hormonal therapy Eastridge and levels drop you get this headache so those were the five types of headaches primary headaches migraine tension cluster sinus and hormonal now let us look at the drugs used the common or main drugs used to treat each of these headaches beginning with the migraine so for migraines which is recurrent um NSAIDs or aspirin plus antiemetics and hydration is important so antiemetics are drugs that in a stop vomiting for tension headaches simple analgesics so this is paracetamol and again it's the most common tension headache is the most common reason I guess why people one of the common reasons why people buy over-the-counter paracetamol for cluster headaches subcutaneous sumatriptan or oxygen can be given and this is to prevent vomiting in general trip tens which includes sumatriptan are actually contraindicated in certain patients in certain patient patients with cardio coronary artery disease peripheral vascular disease or cerebrovascular disease for sinus headaches supportive therapy is important and on g6 anti limit antiemetics and also you can prescribe but you can give antibiotics depending on the cause of the sinusitis so I hope you hope you'll just hope that may I hope that was clear the different types of primary headaches as well as just the general management now let's look at secondary headaches which as I mentioned earlier are our serious and dangerous secondary headaches are result of serious underlying diseases or other conditions so we have some warning signs and symptoms for secondary headaches and we can remember this by the acronym snoot SN o o P s stands for system exists symptoms illness or condition such as cancer n is for neurological symptoms or abnormal signs always for arm sent which is new age greater than 40 or it's sudden such as when you have a thunderclap sort o feeling which is a subarachnoid hemorrhage essentially the other o is for other associated conditions or features P is for previous headache history with headache progression or change in attack character so essentially what snoop is trying to say is that you know the headache that the person presents with is very abnormal and it's got all these signs and symptoms which will tell you hang on a second this is not normal there's there's this is this is a more serious problem this is more serious than attention hey great headache or migraine so let's look at some examples so here I am drawing a person who has a very serious headache so examples of secondary headaches include intracranial hemorrhage and this can this can include subdural epidural or sub arachnoid hemorrhage and of course these these people they they can present with some some neurological problems as well as some you know some complaining of thunderclap essentially the onset was thunderclap then you can have another example is giant cell arteritis which also is known as temporal arteritis which is essentially the temporal artery with that is inflamed on the side of your head the final example of a secondary headache is in internal carotid dissection so in summary we looked at headaches which can be primary or secondary primary include migraine tension cluster sinus and hormonal and secondary are your dangerous ones and weak it's a it's it's it's it's a resul of an underlying condition that is more serious and we can we can pick this up with the acronym snoop which helps us sort of identify if it's more serious or not and yeah .TAKE CARE.
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